The drug class that includes Ozempic, Wegovy and other obesity care treatments has grown in popularity over the last year, affecting several ASC specialties.
Here is how glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists — some of which have been approved by the FDA for weight loss, and others of which are prescribed for that purpose off-label — could impact five specialties:
Orthopedics: As orthopedic surgeons see more patients taking GLP-1s, many agree that more research is needed into how they could affect procedures moving forward. In addition, two studies presented in February examined the impact that semaglutide, which is sold as Ozempic to treat Type 2 diabetes and as Wegovy for weight loss, could have on patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has warned that diabetes and obesity increase a person's risk of having a medical or surgical complication after joint replacement; those complications include wound healing problems and infection.
Ophthalmology: A new study published in JAMA Ophthalmology shows that patients taking semaglutide may be at an increased risk for an eye condition that can cause vision loss. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is a condition that affects the optic nerve, reducing blood flow to the nerve so it becomes reduced or blocked, leading to sudden vision loss.
Cardiology: GLP-1s could lower the prevalence of heart disease in patients, according to a recent study.
Anesthesia: A report from Houston-based University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has named weight loss medications as drugs that could potentially interfere with anesthesia in patients. In November, the American Society of Anesthesiologists called for all patients to stop taking the medications prior to elective procedures and surgeries, warning of side effects including complications from retained gastric contents.
Gastroenterology: Physicians and physician groups have expressed concern surrounding procedures, including endoscopy procedures, in patients taking GLP-1s. Recent data from Cleveland Clinic suggests endoscopy risks should be minimal in patients taking the weight loss medications, but there could be potential risks. Additionally, more gastroenterologists are taking an interest in the future of weight loss care and how it will tie into GI practices.